1st and 3rd periods. In these periods, your team will choose a category and be read ten questions for you to complete in ninety seconds. After each response, the moderator will indicate whether or not it was correct.

Bonus Category: Empires

Answer these questions about empires:

1. Mexico City is built on the ruins of what Native Americans' city Tenochtitlan?

answer: Aztec

2. What country's Qin [CHIN] dynasty conquered surrounding territories in the 2^nd century B.C.?

answer: China

3. Angola, Macau [mah-COW], and Brazil were part of what country's empire that was administered from Lisbon?

answer: Portugal

4. What ancient empire fought the Punic Wars with Carthage?

answer: Rome or Roman Empire

5. Mughal, Gupta, and Muarya are dynasties that ruled what Asian country?

answer: India

6. What continent has included the Songhai, Ghana, and Mali empires in its history?

answer: Africa

7. Persian empires refer to groups that ruled the area of what country whose capital is Tehran?

answer: Iran

8. Ghengis Khan and Kublai Khan were rulers of what Asian people?

answer: Mongol

9. What kingdom made up two thirds of the German empire in 1871?

answer: Prussian Kingdom

10. What is the only country that still has a ruler they called "emperor"?

answer: Japan [though he has little power]

Bonus Category: Islands

1. Famous for tortoises and finches, Charles Darwin visited what islands west of Ecuador?

answer: Galapagos Islands

2. What landmasses in the Saint Lawrence River between Ontario and New York have lent their name to a salad dressing?

answer: the Thousand Islands

3. What name did explorer James Cook give the Hawaiian islands, after an Earl who created a food?

answer: Sandwich Islands

4. What fictional dinosaur's island is the setting for Mario rescuing Luigi in a Nintendo game?

answer: Yoshi's Island

5. Crab Key was the island hideout of Dr. No in what series of novels by Ian Fleming?

answer: James Bond (accept: 007)

6. The largest island in the world is what territory settled by Erik the Red around 984?

answer: Greenland or Kalaallit Nunaat

7. What country with capital at Jakarta is comprised of over 17,000 islands?

answer: Indonesia

8. Sir Thomas More gave a fictional perfect island what name, which now means a perfect place?

answer: Utopia

9. Seen on Pirates of the Carribean, Isla de Muerta is Spanish for what?

answer: Island of (the) Dead

10. Amity Island was the setting for what Peter Benchley novel, turned into a film in which a Great White Shark causes people to "need a bigger boat"?

answer: Jaws

Bonus Category: Bestselling Children's Books

Given an author and a plot summary, name these books on Publishers Weekly's bestselling children's books of all time.

1. Chris Van Allsburgh: On December 24, a young boy takes a trip the North Pole.

answer: The Polar Express

2. Laura Ingalls Wilder: Pa sells the Big House and moves the family to Kansas.

answer: Little House on the Prairie

3. Esther Forbes: An apprentice silversmith befriends Sam Adams and Paul Revere

answer: Johnny Tremain

4. Katherine Paterson: Jesse and Leslie cross a stream and imagine a great land.

answer: Bridge to Terabithia

5. J. D. Salinger: Holden Caulfield is kicked out of school and lives in New York.

answer: The Catcher in the Rye

6. Maurice Sendak: Sent to his room, Max takes a journey in a mysterious forest.

answer: Where the Wild Things Are

7. Roald Dahl: A seven-year old orphan grows a huge fruit inside of which live insect friends.

answer: James and the Giant Peach

8. Shel Silverstein, the title object provides vines to swing from, shade to sit under, apples to snack on, and branches to build a house.

answer: The Giving Tree

9. C.S. Lewis: The four Pevensie children discover the land of Narnia in a professor's house.

answer: The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe

10. Robert Corimer: Brother Leon wants Jerry to sell candy to raise money for school at twice the price.

answer: The Chocolate War

Bonus Category: Saying "Hello" around the world

Given a term for hello, name the language you are being greeted in. For example, if I say "Salaam", you would say "Arabic".

1. Guten Tag [GOO-ten tawg]

answer: German

2.  Shalom

answer: Hebrew (also accept: Ladino, a language of Turkey)

3. Olá

answer: Portuguese

4.  Aloha

answer: Hawaiian [yes, Hawaiian is a language]

5.  Ciao [CHOW]

answer: Italian

6.  Konnichi wa [co-KNEE-CHEE-wa]

answer:	Japanese

7.  Bonjour

answer:	French

8.  G'day

answer:	Australian English (accept either even though Australian is a dialect)

9. Buenos días

answer: Spanish

10. Ni hao [KNEE how]

answer: (Mandarin) Chinese

Bonus Category: Things People Do

1. What post is currently held by Gavin Newsom in San Francisco and Richard M. Daley in Chicago?

answer: mayor

2. I. M. Pei, Frank Lloyd Wright, and Louis Sullivan are famous in what job?

answer: architect (accept word forms)

3. What type of professional is likely to earn the J.D. or Juris Doctor degree?

answer: lawyer or judge

4. What term describes a person who leads a music ensemble or sells train tickets?

answer: conductor

5. Jamie Gold, Annie Duke, Chris Ferguson, and Phil Helmuth are people primarily known for playing what game?

answer: poker

6. What highest naval rank comes in fleet and vice varieties?

answer: admiral

7. George Washington did work in what job that measures distances between points to accurately draw maps?

answer: surveyor (accept word forms)

8. Richard Belding, Seymour Skinner, and Victoria on South Park are fictional characters in what role?

answer: principal

9. What term describes a person who is the main broadcaster on a news program, such as Katie Couric?

answer: anchor

10. What type of dentist uses braces or retainers to fix patients' bites?

answer: orthodontist

2nd period: This period contains twenty tossups worth 10 points each. When you think you know the answer, signal with your buzzer and your team will have five seconds to respond.

TOSSUPS:

1. Abundant ones are caused by Swift-Tuttle and Encke, as they leave debris while orbiting the Sun. The most visible ones are the Peresids in August and the Leonids in mid-November. What are these astronomical events in which many shooting stars can be seen in the sky?

answer: meteor shower or meteor storm (prompt on partial answer)

2. Replaced by Matthias, which of the twelve apostles received thirty pieces of silver for betraying Jesus?

answer: Judas Iscariot

3. He established quantum theory and used it to describe the photoelectric effect. He then went on to describe general and special relativity. What is this German-born scientist, a very smart man?

answer: Albert Einstein

4. Its history included 30 dynasties, which are grouped into Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms. They warred with Nubia and Libya, and were conquered by the Hyksos who captured Memphis. What was this ancient civilization centered around the Nile?

answer: Egyptian

5. "La Tortura""and Hips Don't Lie" are number one singles by what Columbian singer?

answer: Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll

6. Jane, Michael, John, and Barbara Banks live at 17 Cherry Lane with their parents. The help leaves, and the replacement caregiver can slide up banisters, step into pictures, and float around with a parrot-headed umbrella. Who is this nanny by P.L. Travers that was turned into a Disney film starring Julie Andrews?

answer: Mary Poppins (accept either)

7. Often developed from molds or bacteria and unable to affect viruses, what chemicals used as drugs to kill microorganisms include penicillin?

answer: antibiotic(s)

8. It is narrated by Louis to a reporter Daniel Malloy. Louis and Claudia form something of a family with Lestat, who initiated Louis into the brotherhood. It was followed by The Queen of the Damned and Memnoch The Devil. Name this Anne Rice novel.

answer: Interview with the Vampire

9. The first Starbucks opened in what U.S. city, a Pacific northwest birthplace of grunge music?

answer: Seattle

10. In Greek myth, what youth was turned into a flower after he fell in love with himself staring into water?

answer: Narcissus

11. In Great Britain, what position bestowed by the royalty required an author to compose odes in celebration of national events?

answer: Poet Laureate

12. In 1883 this team debuted with a 17 and 81 record, and had a 23 game losing streak in 1963. When Gerry Nugent ran the team, they lost about twice as often as they won. What is this team that in July 2007 reached its 10,000th loss and that now plays in Citizens Bank Park?

answer: Philadelphia Phillies

13. What German term translates as "noisy ghost" and describes a spirit that likes mischief and disruption, such as Peeves in the Harry Potter series?

answer: poltergeist

14. In 711 the Moors invaded this present-day country and it wasn't until Castile and Aragon were united that the Moors were expelled from Grenada. What is this country on the Iberian peninsula next to Portugal?

answer: Spain

15. The characters met after two responded to a grocery store ad and another joined after her nursing home burnt down. Set in Miami Beach, Rue McClanahan, Bea Arthur, Estelle Getty, and Betty White were the title quartet in what show, now seen in reruns on the Lifetime channel, about the lives of women approaching the age of senior citizens with silver hair?

answer: The Golden Girls

16. It probably developed from a Portuguese guitar as sailors brought it to the islands. It has four strings and is used to accompany folk songs. What is this Hawaiian guitar?

answer: ukulele

17. The operetta by Benjamin Britten about this person begins with a chorus of trees. He is said to have created Minnesota's ten thousand lakes, and it took seventeen storks to bring him as a baby. He dug the Grand Canyon by dragging his axe. Who is this giant lumberjack in American myth?

answer: Paul Bunyan (accept either)

18. You can use Heron's formula to find the area of one. The orthocenter is where its altitudes meet, while the incenter is where its three angle bisectors meet. What is this polygon whose angles sum to 180 degrees?

answer: triangle

19. Pencil and paper ready. Lisa gets $8 per hour, but if she works over forty hours then each hour beyond that is paid at $12 per hour. If Lisa wants to make $440 this week, how many hours should she work?

answer: 50 hours

20. With the world's largest proven reserves, what Middle Eastern country is the greatest exporter of oil?

answer: Saudi Arabia

4th period: This period contains twenty tossups worth 15 points each. When you think you know the answer, signal with your buzzer and your team will have five seconds to respond.

TOSSUPS:

1. French for "bottom of the bag", what describes a circular end of a street that allows cars to turn around?

answer: cul-de-sac

2. "Cell Block Tango", "Razzle Dazzle", "Roxie", and "All that Jazz" are songs in what musical about a singer who shoots an abusive lover, set in a Midwestern town?

answer: Chicago

3. Michael the Brave united it with Wallachia and Moldavia in 1599. Its name means "across" or "beyond the forest". What is this region of western Romania, said to be the home of Count Dracula?

answer: Transylvania

4. In what story does Axel Lidenbrock see underwater oceans, a hidden race of giants, and the chamber of an active volcano in a Jules Verne tale about traveling underground?

answer: A Journey to the Center of the Earth

5. Along with the World Championship, Tournament of Champions and Masters, this makes up the fourth major bowling tournament on the PBA tour. In golf, it describes a tournament played in 2007 at Oakmont, Pennsylvania and won by Angel [ann-HELL] Cabrera [cah-BRER-uh]. What is this tournament name, also used in tennis for a tournament played in Flushing Meadows, New York each fall?

answer: U.S. Open

6. Originally they were called inert because they rarely react with other elements. What is this rightmost column of the periodic table that includes Xenon, Argon, and Radon?

answer: noble gases

7. The Chinese word for sparrow lends its name to what game that uses domino-like pieces?

answer: mah-jong

8. Pencil and paper ready. A square with unknown side length has a perimeter that equals its area. What is the length of one of the sides of the square?

answer: 4

9. What term describes the study of creating and keeping secrets, such as on computer networks?

answer: cryptography or encryption

10. The Greeks used this word to refer to the Persian Empire, and thought it to be named after a wife of Prometheus. Probably the term is Phoenician meaning "east", which meant all the lands they saw when the sun rose. What is this landmass between the Arctic and Indian Oceans?

answer: Asia

11. In what book series by Mary Pope Osbourne do Jack and Annie visit a place run by Morgan Le Fay and travel to other places by opening a book?

answer: Magic Tree House

12. The Europeans called it "the island of the pelicans", and it is home to the oldest working lighthouse on the west coast. Famous residents included George "Machine Gun" Kelly and Al Capone. What is this island containing a prison, sometimes called "the Rock".

answer: Alcratraz

13. Its strictness is depicted in Nathaniel Hawthorne's Scarlet Letter, and its doctrines were less popular after its leaders let the Salem Witch Trials get out of hand. What was this group that broke from the Church of England and settled in New England that desired a non-blemished form of worship?

answer: Puritan (accept word forms)

14. Walk into one today, and you're likely to see the name Otis, because Elisha Otis installed an early one at 488 Broadway. Today, his company is responsible for the ones at the Twilight Zone Tower of Terror, and The Empire State Building. What are these devices that the English call "lifts"?

answer: elevator

15. The Gutenberg discontinuity separates it from the outer core and the Moho discontinuity separates it from the crust. What is this region of the Earth?

answer: the Mantle

16. What term describes the movements in a ballet or dance, or a person who creates a dance?

answer: choreography or choreographer (accept word forms)

17. While a run-on sentence is one that has too many words, what describes sentences that are not complete because they lack either a subject or a verb?

answer: fragment (accept word forms)

18. Levi Morton, Alben Barkely, Charles Curtis, Hannibal Hamlin, John C. Calhoun, Aaron Burr, Dan Quayle, and Al Gore have all held what office?

answer: Vice President(s) of the United States

19. They lived at 1313 Mockingbird Lane, and the patriarch of the family worked at a funeral parlor. They kept a pet dragon Spot under the stairs, and Grandpa worked downstairs in a laboratory. What is this television family of the black and white era, run by a Frankenstein-like Herman?

answer: the Munsters

20. Definitions for this word include conforming to standards of behavior and adapted to a purpose or circumstance. In English, it describes nouns that should be written with a capital letter. What is this term, that in math describes fractions whose numerator is smaller than its denominator?

answer: proper